• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    method and apparatus for producing a three-dimensional surface structure of a compression mold. The present invention relates to a method for producing a surface structure of a compression mold, in particular pressed sheet or continuous strip, for compressing material sheets, synthetic material sheets, separator sheets, surface of pvc and lvt (luxury vinyl tiles), bank cards, passports, credit cards or plastic cards comprising the following steps: - make available and use digitized data from a 3d topography of a surface structure, - produce digitized data from layers individual 2d of 3d topography, - use digitized data from 2d layers to drive a finishing head and/or position it on an xy plane or to adjust a worktable in the plane fixed by an x and y coordinate opposite a finishing head. stationary maintained finishing, for joining a layer material to an available backing material or to an already finished layer dependent on the digitized data of the 2d layers. figure 3
    公开号:BR112015032012B1
    申请号:R112015032012-0
    申请日:2014-06-16
    公开日:2021-08-03
    发明作者:Wolfgang Stoffel
    申请人:Hueck Rheinische Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [001] The invention relates to a method for producing a surface structure of a compression mold, in particular, pressed sheet or continuous strip, for the compression of material sheets, synthetic material sheets, separator sheets, PVC surface, LVT (luxury vinyl tiles), bank cards, passports, credit cards or plastic cards.
    [002] Material boards, eg wood material boards, are used by the furniture and interior industry, eg for laminate flooring. The material boards feature an MDF or HDF core, and several material supports are supported at least unilaterally, for example a decorative layer and a protective layer (Overlay layer). To avoid deformation of the material plates produced, the same number of material supports is generally used on both sides of the material plates, and in a press, the material plates are applied under the application of pressed plates or strips continuous lines are compressed together and a surface molding takes place at the same time. These are generally hot presses for joining different substrates made of duroplastic resin material, for example melamine resin, under heat reaction through a fusion of the plastic materials with the surface of the core.
    [003] Through the decorative layers, there may be, through this, an influence on the model and color configuration, and by the pressed plates or continuous strips, on the surface structuring. For example, a wooden or decorative tile can be pressed onto paper for decoration, or structures can be used which are artistically designed according to the intended use. Here, the decor papers likewise consist of an Overlay layer that has an imprint on the top and bottom sides.
    [004] For the improvement of a true-to-original copy, in particular, in wooden ornaments, tile ornaments or natural stone surfaces, pressed plates or continuous strips are provided with a surface structure that is formed in accordance with coverage to the decorative layer and present a negative image of the surface structure. For this reason, pressed sheets or continuous strips have a depth structuring which, for example, corresponds to the wood grains of a visible wood surface of the decorative layer. In other layers, the depth structuring can likewise be formed in covering conformance to the deep structuring. Furthermore, there is the possibility of producing the pressed sheets or continuous strips with a smaller structure, in order to carry out a pressing with a larger partial surface, without forming deep structures.
    [005] For the continuous improvement of images faithful to the original, in particular, in wooden ornaments, tile ornaments or natural stone surfaces, pressed plates or continuous strips are used that provide, in addition, a certain level of brightness. With the aid of digitized printing technique for decorative papers and the digitized production of the pressed plate surfaces, a high coverage conformity is thereby obtained, which, due to a precise fit alignment, is very close to a panel of natural wood or similar materials. By adjusting a certain level of brightness, it is also possible to generate any reflections or shadows that give an observer the impression of a surface made of natural wood or other materials.
    [006] In order to obtain the molding of the compliant roofing material boards, a higher quality standard is required for the production of pressed sheets and continuous strips, which, in particular, provide a precise fitting finish with the decorative layers planned. Pressed sheets or continuous strips are, on this occasion, used as upper and lower molds in short-acting presses, which are covered with the pressed sheets, or double strip presses or continuous strips, being made, at the same time, the molding and heating of the Overlay layers so that the duroplastic resins can be bonded to the core through casting and hardening.
    [007] The available digitized data of a decoration model are used here to apply a corrosion resistance to the structuring of pressed sheets or continuous strips. To this end, the corrosion resistance is deposited on the pressed sheets or continuous strips with the help, for example, of a digital printer to finally carry out a corrosion process. After removing the corrosion resistance, an improvement can take place, and preferably in particularly deep surface structures, several corrosion procedures can be carried out in sequence.
    [008] For this, on the pressed sheet or continuous strip already corroded, a corrosion resistance is again applied and a new corrosion is carried out until the desired depth structure is obtained. In individual corrosion procedures, a rough or refined structuring can also be carried out, depending on the motif of the decorative layers that are based on. The production of the described corrosion resistance is based on the most advanced technology, whereas, in previous productions of the corrosion resistances, a screen printing method, for example, was used before the corrosion process took place.
    [009] According to both new and old production methods, corrosion resistances are applied to the plates to copy, through the areas covered by the corrosion resistance, the surface structures obtained, while the intermediate spaces suffer surface corrosion . The corroded areas, in this case, form the valleys of the profile of the desired structure, which results in a negative shape. The surface is cleaned at each corrosion and, if applicable, a new mask is applied, so that further corrosion can occur or, through other working processes, the surface can be subjected to another improvement process, for example , a hard chromium plating, brightness level adjustment, etc.
    [010] The application of corrosion resistance with the aid of a screen printing process or digital printing technique with subsequent corrosion is relatively time-consuming, so the production of pressed sheets is related to high costs.
    [011] While, in particular, sheets of material must be pressed, large format compression molds are used in the form of pressed sheets or continuous strips, which have at least an edge length of more than one meter.
    [012] In addition, compression molds can also be used for compressing synthetic material sheets, separator sheets, PVC surfaces, LVT, and the larger compression mold is fitted in the final product. Furthermore, there is the possibility of compressing bank cards, passports, credit cards or plastic cards with the help of compression molds, in which case, in general, security-related features are important. While safety features are applied to the decorative layers, compression usually takes place with a smooth or lightly structured compression mold. Alternatively, there is the full possibility that security-related features of the decorative layer are additionally imprinted on the surface with the aid of the compression mold.
    [013] The present invention aims to reveal a new method, with which the surface of the structure of the compression molds can be produced in a way that does not harm the environment and that allows a rationalization of production.
    [014] According to the invention, it is foreseen for the solution of the objective of the method the production of a surface structure of a compression mold, in particular, of a pressed plate or continuous strip that occurs with the aid of a formation of 3D layer, and the method comprises the following steps:
    [015] - provide and use digitized data of a 3D topography of a surface structure,
    [016] - produce digitized data from individual 2D layers of the 3D topography,
    [017] - use the digitized data of 2D layers, drive a finishing head and/or position it on an xy plane or for the adjustment of a worktable in the plane fixed by an x and y coordinate opposite a finishing head held stationary, to bond a layer material to an available backing material or a finished layer dependent on the digitized data of the 2D layers.
    [018] Other advantageous embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims.
    [019] The production of pressed sheets or continuous strips must occur according to the new method with the aid of a 3D layer formation. For this purpose, digitized data made available in a 3D topography are used to produce, with the aid of digitized data from the 3D topography, individual 2D layers. The number of 2D layers depends, in this case, on the desired structure depth, that is, from the highest to the deepest point of the structure to be produced. In general, they are obtained, for the production of a surface structuring in pressed sheets or continuous strips with the aid of the corrosion technique of a structuring depth of 80 μ. In individual cases, this structure can extend, however, to a depth of 400 µ. It behaves similarly in the production of pressed sheets or continuous strips with the aid of a 3D layer formation. The higher the posterior penetration depth of the compression mold should occur, the higher the difference between the deepest and the highest point needs to be selected, so that in isolated cases a plurality of individual 2D layers need to be produced with the aid of a finishing head.
    [020] With the help of the digitized data of the 2D layers, it is possible to drive a finishing head and/or to position it in an xy plane or to adjust a worktable in the plane fixed by an x and y coordinate opposite to a finishing head held stationary, for joining a layer material to an available backing material or an already finished layer dependent on the digitized data of the 2D layers.
    [021] Through the finishing head, depending on the layer material used, a selected surface area is finished in such a way that the layer material joins the available base, be it a support material or an already finished layer. Depending on which finishing head is used, conduction can occur, for example, by a laser beam or an electron beam. In case of a finishing head with similar pressure, this can be moved by the compression mold in an xy plane, if the worktable is fixed. Alternatively, the worktable can be moved in an xy plane, when, in certain application cases, the finishing head is kept in a fixed position. This does not exclude that, for a quick finishing, both the finishing head and the work table can be moved. On a fixed worktable several independent finishing heads can, for example, be used and moved. In this way, it is possible to carry out, with the help of the digitized data of the 2D layers made available, a control of the finishing head, essentially, the contour of the surface structure to be produced is removed to produce a connection to the new material of applied layer.
    [022] Through the digitized data, there is here the possibility of an exact control of the finishing head, so that an almost identical reproduction of the surface structure can be performed in multiple ways or that several layers can, if necessary, be arranged in one another. over the others, in staggered fashion. For this, there is only the need to make available the digitized data of a 3D topography, which reproduce the molded surface structure in a natural way. The 2D layers calculated from the digitized data of the 3D topography are then used to control the finishing head in the plane, which are fixed using an x and y coordinate, so that, with the help of the digitized finishing head data, they can be conducted in one of the given position. Thereby, there is the possibility, with the aid of the finishing head, to apply a partial layer arrangement to reproduce the desired surface structuring.
    [023] The advantage, in particular, of the present invention is that the hardening of the layered material occurs with stable high precision and, in this way, unwanted pores or overlapping of the structure can be avoided. Through the method, according to the invention, both a rough and a refined structuring of the surface can be carried out, so that a corrosion procedure is eventually completely unnecessary. Another advantage is that the digitized data allows surface reproduction capability at any frequency and this without costly control measures, so a monitoring activity of the operating personnel can be limited to a minimum. As another particular advantage it is possible to mention that used corrosion methods harmful to the environment, according to the state of the art, can be largely avoided. The type of method indicated above is advantageous, in particular, for the production of large-format compression molds, such as pressed sheets or continuous strips. Large format press molds here mean a press mold with at least an edge length of more than one meter. Typically, pressed sheets are manufactured in a dimension of 3 x 6 meters.
    [024] For the formation of the layer, a layer material is used which is available in solid, liquid, pasty, gaseous or powder form, and a hardening occurs with the available support body or layers previously applied with the aid of the finishing head. In case of liquid or pasty layer material, it is possible to start with a 3D printer.
    [025] In another modality of the method, it is provided that the finishing head be provided by the production of electromagnetic radiation, in particular, infrared radiation or laser light are used with one or two wavelengths, and/or that the finishing head emits an electron beam. With the aid of electromagnetic radiation or an electron beam, the applied layer material is hardened and the finishing head can consist of an infrared lamp, a laser or an electron beam source.
    [026] As an electron beam is used for the finishing head, it can be flexed through a finishing head arranged at least partially similar to a CRT, and the digitized data of the 2D layers can be used.
    [027] Depending on the type of finishing head used, different layer materials can be used, for example, metals such as iron, gold, copper titanium, etc. or plastic materials such as ABS or resins or a powder. Bonding of the layer materials can take place, for example, through sintering or polymerization with high dissolution in a support material which is possible down to a nanometer scale. A support material is a compression mold, for example a pressed sheet or continuous strip.
    [028] The formation of a three-dimensional layer can, for example, occur with solid, fluid or gaseous materials, which are partially applied in layers and hardened, and, in fluid materials, polymerization occurs in the foreground, while in gaseous materials, a chemical reaction is suppressed. In solid materials, filaments, multi-component powder or individual components, as well as sheets, can be used. To the extent that one starts from solid materials, for example a filament, it can be cast and solidified into a support body. Powders from multiple components or individual components are hardened using a binder or are used for casting with subsequent solidification, in which case a laser is used according to "selective laser sintering" (SLS). As sheets are used, these can, through cuts and joins or polymerization, be hardened with the support body. Afterwards, the rest of the sheets are removed and the method is determined with at least one other sheet. Fluid materials are preferably polymerized, this being done with the aid of heat, dual wavelength light or single wavelength light. Light with one wavelength can be used, for example, from a lamp, a laser beam or by means of holography.
    [029] A known method is the Additive Layer manufacturing, by which powder is used as a base for the formation of a three-dimensional layer, for example, through a 3D printer. Such a 3d printer provides more than one or more printheads that work like a common inkjet printer. Instead of ink, through the print heads, however, it is possible to apply a fluid adhesive (binding medium) over the powder layer. The 2D layers of a 3D topography serve as a basis at this time. In the 3D printer, with powder, the fluid adhesive is applied over the powder layer in the lower layer by a movable print head. On this occasion, the 3D printer records a 2D image of the first layer of the support material with a layer of powder and glue, thus, the individual particles of material with each other, on the support material. Next, a new layer of powder covered by a thin film is attracted over the first layer and the procedure is repeated with the second layer. In this way, it is applied layer by layer, until the desired 3D topography results. Since the 3D structure can grow from the bottom to the top, the powder layer is respectively applied over the hardened layer.
    [030] The amount of material is, in this case, calculated in such a way that the layers unite, in particular, stick together. The powder and glue can consist of different materials. For example, plastic material powder or glass ceramic and other powder materials can be worked. By this procedure, it is the easiest possibility to obtain a three-dimensional layer formation.
    [031] For the method provided for the production of pressed sheets or continuous strips is considered, preferably, a sintering method (selective laser sinting; SLS). In this case, metallic powder materials are worked, which, unlike the 3D printer, are not joined to a fluid plastic material, but which are fused with the aid of a high-power laser. With this, it is possible to work, in addition to plastic materials, also ceramics and sand.
    [032] Another sintering method (selective laser melting; SLM) is carried out in the same way, with the aid of powdered materials and a laser, and the powdered materials melt, that is, they are fully melted, so that a very high thickness of the surface structure produced can be obtained. By means of electron beam melting (EBM), according to a similar principle, powdered metals are melted together by means of a well-controlled electron beam, and the control of the electron beam is easily manageable and a high dissolution precision is achieved.
    [033] In addition, the 3d printer is disregarded due to the fused materials (fuse deposition modelling; FDM). Here, these are the most popular methods of printing with cast materials, and all plastic materials such as ABS or PLA are used for a 3D printer with fluid materials, preferably UV sensitive plastic materials (photopolymers) can be used.
    [034] Known here is stereolithography (STL; SALA). In this procedure, a fluid epoxy resin is filled in a container, and this special plastic material contains certain properties, which solidifies after a certain time through exposure to light. To produce a 3D object with this, the individual layers of a 3D model are projected, with the aid of a laser, onto a surface of the fluid material, as soon as the first layer is solidified, the supporting body is moved downwards. around the height of a layer formation, so that again fluid resin or plastic material can build up or be applied with the aid of a mechanical arm. Then the back layer is projected and the fluid resin, eg an epoxy resin, is hardened. Upon completion of layering, the non-fully hardened object is removed from the bath and often further exposed in a lighting chamber until fully hardened. Other methods are digital light processing (DLP) and multi jet modeling (MJM). Alternatively, there is the possibility of using the film transer imaging (FTI) method, with a transport sheet recording a light-sensitive plastic material which, through the finishing head, is hardened to the corresponding structure.
    [035] Of the methods mentioned above, it is suggested, for the production of pressed sheets, preferably, sintering, since, in this case, metals can be formed in layers, which, by itself, provide sufficient stability. However, plastic materials as good as can be used, which are cast in metal bodies. Before electrolytic deposition, the non-electrically conductive plastic material needs to be provided on the support surface with an electrically conductive layer. This can be done, for example, by spraying a solution containing silver or a solution containing a reducing medium. The plastic material provided with silver condensation is then treated in a galvanic bath so that, on the structured support surface, a metal layer is deposed from an NE metal, for example copper nickel or brass. Then a layer of chrome with at least one level of gloss can be applied.
    [036] For the exact finishing of the surface structure to be produced on the support material, it is envisaged that the adjustment of the finishing head takes place at a distance of 1 cm to 20 cm against the surface. Here, it is also provided that the finishing head is automatically adjusted depending on a change in distance resulting, for example, from irregularities in the support material, between the surface and the finishing head. Thereby, it is obtained that, if not by constant control data from the finishing head, the amplitude of the surface to be worked is not altered due to a changing distance.
    [037] In another modality of the method, it is provided that, preferably, the use of digitized data from a surface structure of raw materials from natural cultivation, such as, for example, wood surfaces or natural ores, in particular, surfaces of natural stones, or of artificially produced structures, eg ceramic surfaces, is applied as a foundation. With the aid of the formation of three-dimensional layers, all the desired surface structures can be applied to the pressed sheets or continuous strips, to be used later for the compression of material plates. As sheets of synthetic material, separator sheets, PVC or LVT surfaces are compressed with the aid of compression molds, these can likewise be based on surface structures or artificial surface structures. As bank cards, passports, credit cards or other plastic cards are compressed, security features generally remain in the background, which are applied either through an external compression only on the decorative layer or, eventually , likewise, with the aid of the compression mold, they can be additionally printed on the outermost layer. In this case, it could be wooden emblems, company signatures or specific graphic symbols.
    [038] In another modality of the method, the use of a 3D scanner is provided for the determination of the surface structure and calculation of the digitized data for the definition of a 3D topography, which, with the aid of a pivotable mirror, digitizes the entire the model surface faithfully to the original, or register through the analysis of the entire surface structure with the aid of a laser beam articulated by at least one mirror and the reflections obtained from it. Likewise, a 3D microscope could be used, which additionally provides sufficient and enhanced depth structure data. Alternatively, gray scale formations of a surface structure can be used. The digitized data here obtained from the 3D topography is later converted into the 2D layer structure so that the finishing head can be controlled.
    [039] In order to simplify the recording of existing 3D digitized data and, in particular, continuous processing, it is provided, in another modality of the method, that a conversion of 3D digital data, in particular, through interpolation and data reduction is used for determination of digitized data of 2D layers and finishing head control.
    [040] For the formation of three-dimensional layers for surface structuring, it can be provided, for example, that the surface structure is subdivided into subareas independently of a repeating rapport, which are finished respectively in sequence or by less, partially from several finishing heads in parallel. The boundaries of the sub-areas can, at this time, be freely selected and are preferably fixed, so that the boundaries coincide with the unfinished areas of the surface, so that inaccuracies, which are due to technical conditions, do not occur in the structuring of the surface. Depending on the finishing head, the fixed sub-areas can have an edge length of 10 cm to 100 cm, preferably 50 cm.
    [041] By using the method, it is provided, furthermore, that laser beams and a laser or an electron beam from an electron beam source occur at an angle in a vertical position (z coordinate) to the surface. At that time, focusing the laser or electron beam on a diameter of 2 nm to 10 nm is possible.
    [042] In order to use interruptions conditioned to the surface structuring technique, that is, the application of the layer material used and perform another finish afterwards, it is provided in another advantageous method of the method, that measurement points are provided on the surface, which allow control of the position of the finishing head at any time, so that a correction control can take place and the finishing head can again be received exactly in its working position, where it previously would have been stopped.
    [043] The pressed sheets or finished continuous strips may, after structuring occurred, undergo other methods of treatment. For example, several layers of chromium with different levels of gloss can be applied, firstly there is a chromium plating over the entire surface and areas either raised or on the surface of the surface structuring are covered with a mask, to subsequently apply at least a second layer of chromium plating.
    [044] Alternatively, there is the possibility of influencing the gloss level through gloss baths, mechanical final treatment or surface corrosion. Upon completion of these other steps of the method, the pressed sheet or continuous strip is finished and can be used for their intended purpose.
    [045] The present invention aims to reveal, in addition, a device with which a three-dimensional layer formation can be applied in large format pressed sheets or continuous strips, according to the method according to the invention.
    [046] According to the invention, the purpose of the device is solved by the fact that the device comprises at least one support device for the material to be finished, at least a finishing head and a sliding guide for conducting and / or movement of the finishing head in any position or adjustment of a work table within a plane fixed by an x and y coordinate, as well as independent drive elements to initiate the position and a control unit, which is provided for the driving, positioning and controlling the finishing head or work table. On this occasion the orientation of the x and y coordinates takes place through the digitized individual data of the 2D layer of the 3D topography and, with the help of at least one finishing head, the material of the layer used is compacted.
    [047] The device provided for the application of the method consists, firstly, in a support device on which the pressed sheets or continuous strips can be supported. Due to the size of the pressed sheets or continuous strips to be worked with at least an edge length of more than one meter, this support device needs to be formed in large format and allow support of the pressed sheets or continuous strips. With the aid of a sliding guide, movement of the finishing head is allowed in a fixed plane via the x and y coordinates, with independent drive elements being provided for the position direction.
    [048] By a control unit, to which the digitized data of the individual 2D layers of the 3D topography are fed, at this time, the conduction, positioning and control of the finishing head or worktable occurs, when the finishing head is fixedly positioned. The finishing head used here serves to solidify the layer material in a pasty, gaseous, powdery or fluid form.
    [049] In another embodiment of the device claim it is provided that one or more finishing heads are arranged in a direction of coordinates in the plane and can be led together in the direction of the other coordinates. The finishing heads can then be arranged at a distance of 1 cm to 20 cm in opposition to the surface, a surface with an edge length of 10 cm to 100 cm, preferably 50 cm, can be finished through a finishing head.
    [050] In another embodiment of the device claim, it is provided that the support device has a flat plane surface, which is subdivided into a plurality of sub-surfaces and within the sub-surfaces provides a vacuum suction installation. With the help of the vacuum suction installation, the pressed sheet or continuous strip is sucked so that it can rest flat on the support device and can be kept in a fixed position for the other finishing steps through the head of finishing, to avoid displacements of the pressed plates or continuous strips for the structuring of the surface by means of a misalignment.
    [051] The pressed sheets or finished continuous strips can as already mentioned in the method, after structuring occurred, undergo other methods of treatment. For example, several layers of chromium with different levels of gloss can be applied, firstly there is a chromium plating over the entire surface and areas either raised or on the surface of the surface structuring are covered with a mask, to subsequently apply at least a second layer of chromium plating. Alternatively, there is the possibility of influencing the gloss level through gloss baths, mechanical final treatment or surface corrosion. Upon completion of these other steps of the method, the pressed sheet or continuous strip is finished and can be used for their intended purpose.
    [052] The surface structuring of the compression mold produced with the aid of a three-dimensional layer formation, in particular, a pressed metal sheet or continuous strip, are therefore provided for them to be used for compression and/or molding of material sheets, synthetic material sheets, separation sheets, PVC surfaces, LVT (luxury vinyl tiles), bank cards, passports, credit cards or plastic cards, and, through the compression procedure, it is A surface structure faithful to the original is obtained up to a depth of 500 μm, and in the structuring of the compression mold surface to direct the x and y coordinates, digitized data from a 2D layer of a 3D topography of a surface structure are used and where there is partial finishing and a reproduction of a predetermined 3D topography of a surface structure or its negative on the surface of the composite mold. pressure by applying a layer material.
    [053] The invention furthermore relates to a sheet of material, with an at least partially molded surface, which is produced using a pressed plate or continuous strip, which was produced according to one of the method claims. and using a device according to one of the device claims.
    [054] In an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, digitized data of a 3D topography of a surface structure are used as natural cultivated raw materials, such as, for example, wood surfaces or natural ores, in in particular, surfaces of natural stones, or of artificially produced structures, for example ceramic surfaces. Digitized data can be recorded, for example, with the aid of a scanner, which, with the aid of a pivotable mirror, records the entire 3D topography of a surface structure faithfully to the original or by analyzing the entire topography 3D of a surface structure of a model with the aid of a laser beam articulated by at least one mirror and the reflections obtained from it. Preferably, a 3D microscope with improved depth resolution can be used. For surface structuring, in addition, digitized data from grayscale images of a surface structure can be used. In this case the color scale is subdivided between white and black into a desired number of intervals. Then a numeric value is assigned to each range. The number zero is assigned to the range that corresponds to the white color or to the range that corresponds to the black color. The ranges are then numbered ascending to the opposite ends of the color scale. The z coordinate can accept the numerical values corresponding to the intervals or any multiple of them and can be used for finishing 2D layers.
    [055] The advantage, in particular, of the present invention is that simple support bodies, for example, steel sheets, can be used in the formation of three-dimensional layer for the structuring of the surface either polymerized or sintered. Thereby, costly corrosion methods with prior application of a corrosion resistance (mask) are unnecessary. This method stands out, therefore, as an extremely environmentally friendly method, even when it is eventually planned for the finalization of the application of other layers of material, in particular, layers of hardened chromium.
    [056] The invention is clarified in more detail below, based on the Figures. show up
    [057] Figure 1 in a top view, a pressed sheet with a surface structuring,
    [058] Figure 2 in a strongly enlarged detailed view, the formation of layers of the structuring of the surface of the pressed sheet, according to Figure 1, and
    [059] Figure 3 in a top view of a schematic view of a device for the production of pressed sheets.
    [060] Figure 1 shows, in a perspective representation, a pressed sheet 1, which can be used for the production of material plates. In the example of embodiment, the pressed sheet 1 has a surface structure 2 that corresponds to a wood grain. The pressed sheet 1 was produced according to the method according to the invention using digitized data from a 3D topography, whereby the structuring was produced by applying a plurality of individual 2D layers. Upon completion of the surface structuring, a layer of chromium, if applicable, is applied, either fully or partially. Thus, the pressed sheet 1 can be used for pressing material plates.
    [061] Figure 2 shows in a strongly enlarged representation the cross section of the pressed sheet 1 with surface structuring 2. A plurality of individual layers 4 is here applied on a support sheet 3 that correspond in shape to the desired surface structuring. . The individual layers 4 are hardened with the aid of a finishing head and then provided with a layer of chrome 5. Alternatively, several layers of chromium can be used which, for example, can result in elevations 6 or areas that meet and depth 7 of different brightness levels.
    [062] Figure 3 shows a top view of a device 20, which is intended for the production of the surface structuring of a pressed plate 1. The pressed plate 1 is supported on a work table 21, which is equipped with a a plurality of funnel-shaped depressions 22, which are connected to a vacuum pump, so that the pressed plate 1 can be fixed almost entirely flat on the worktable 21. Along the pressed plate 1 guide rails 23, 24 are arranged , in which slide guides 25, 26 are movably arranged, the slide guides 25, 26 being provided respectively by a drive motor. The sliding guides 25, 26 are joined together by a crosspiece 27, which is provided for receiving a finishing head 28. The finishing head 28 is likewise movable by drive motors, transverse to the extension. lengthwise of the guide rails 23, 24, so that the finishing head 28 can reach each position above the pressed sheet 1. A finishing head 28 is, according to the present invention, a finishing head 28 which generates radiation. electromagnetic or a finishing head 28 which emits electron beams, with which aid the desired structuring of the surface of the pressed plate 1 is carried out. To this end, a plurality of individual layers are applied on top of each other and are hardened according to the method according to the invention, so that the layers adhere to the support material 3 of the pressed sheet 1 and can be applied with a chrome layer after finishing.
    [063] The finishing head 28 is moved here by applying the layers, through a control unit 29, which, based on the 3D topography and the recorded digitized 2D layers, drive the finishing head 28 into the desired position with the aid of Sliding guide drive motors 25, 26. NUMERICAL REFERENCE LIST 1 pressed sheet 2 surface structuring 3 support material 4 layers 5 chrome layer 6 elevations 7 deep area 20 device 21 work table 22 depressions in funnel shape 23 Guide rails 24 Guide rails 25 slide guide 26 slide guide
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [0001]
    1. Method for producing a surface structure (2) of a large format press mold with at least an edge length of more than one meter, in particular pressed sheet (1) or continuous strip, for pressing sheets of material, sheets of synthetic material, separation sheets, PVC and LVT (luxury vinyl tiles) surface, bank cards, passports, credit cards or plastic cards characterized by comprising at least the steps of: - making available and use digitized data from a 3D topography of a surface structure (2), - produce digitized data from individual 2D layers (4) of the 3D topography, - use digitized data from 2D layers (4) to drive a finishing head (28) and/or to position it in an xy plane or for the adjustment of a worktable (21) in the plane fixed by an x and y coordinate opposite a finishing head (28) held stationary, to join a layer material to a material of support available or to an already finished layer dependent on the digitized data of the 2D layers (4), with the surface structure being subdivided, independently of a repeating record, into division areas, which are respectively finished sequentially or are finished at least partially parallel by several finishing heads and/or that the boundaries of the splitting areas are freely selectable and/or that the fixed splitting areas dependent on the finishing head (28) used have an edge length of 10 cm to 100 cm.
    [0002]
    Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the layer material is used in solid, liquid, pasty, gas or powder form.
    [0003]
    3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the finishing head (28) is provided by the generation of electromagnetic radiation, in particular infrared radiation or laser light are used with one or two lengths of wave, and/or that the finishing head (28) emits an electron beam.
    [0004]
    Method according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the adjustment of the finishing head (28) takes place at a distance of 1 cm to 20 cm opposite the surface and/or that the finishing head (28 ) is adjusted in dependence on a change in distance that results between the surface and the finishing head (28).
    [0005]
    Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the use of digitized data from a surface structure (2) is based on raw materials from natural cultivation such as, for example, wood surfaces or natural ores, in particular, surfaces of natural stones, or of artificially produced structures, for example ceramic surfaces and/or that the digitized data conforms to cover with a decorative situation.
    [0006]
    Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the use of a 3D scanner for the determination of the surface structure (2) and calculation of the digitized data for the definition of a 3D topography, which, with the the aid of a hinged mirror digitizes the entire surface of the model faithfully to the original, or registers through the analysis of the entire surface structure (2) with the aid of a laser beam articulated by at least one mirror and the reflections obtained from from it or from a 3D microscope or by using gray scaled copies of a surface structure (2).
    [0007]
    Method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a conversion of the 3D digital data is carried out, in particular, through interpolation and data reduction for the determination of the digitized data of the 2D layers (4) and head control of finishing (28).
    [0008]
    Method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the boundaries of the dividing areas are fixed in such a way that the boundaries coincide with unfinished areas of the surface, and/or that the fixed dividing areas depend on the head of finish (28) used have an edge length of 50 cm.
    [0009]
    Method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the layer material consists of a metallic powder, such as titanium, which is sintered, and/or that the layer material consists of a synthetic material or liquid resin or pasty, which is polymerized and/or that the layer material consists of a gaseous substance which is compacted and/or that the layer material consists of a multi- or single-component powder, which is compacted, polymerized or melted through a binder or hardener, and/or that the layer material consists of a sheet, which is partially polymerized.
    [0010]
    Method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the rays of a laser or an electron beam from an electron beam source occur at a vertical angle (z coordinate) on the surface, and/or that a focus of laser beams or electron beam occur in a diameter of 2 to 10 nm.
    [0011]
    11. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that measuring points are available on the surface, which allow a control of the position of the finishing head (28) at any time, so that a control for correction can to occur.
    [0012]
    Device (20) for using the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising at least one support device for the material to be finished, at least one finishing head (28) and a sliding guide for driving and/or moving the finishing head (28) in any position or adjusting a work table (21) within a plane fixed by an x and y coordinate, as well as independent drive elements for starting the position and a control unit (29), which is provided for the conduction, positioning and control of the finishing head (29) or the work table (21), characterized in that the device (20) is designed to direct the coordinates x and y occur through the digitized individual data of the 2D layer (4) of the 3D topography and that the device (20) is designed to, with the aid of at least one finishing head (28), compact the material of the layer used, where the disposition tivo (20) is additionally designed to subdivide the surface structure, independently of a repeating record, into dividing areas and finish them respectively sequentially or at least partially parallel by several finishing heads and/or which the device is designed so that the boundaries of the splitting areas are freely selectable and/or the device is designed so that the fixed splitting areas dependent on the finishing head (28) used have an edge length from 10 cm to 100 cm .
    [0013]
    Device (20) according to claim 12, characterized in that one or more finishing heads are arranged in a direction of coordinates in the plane and are jointly movable in the direction of the other coordinates, and/or that the finishing heads are arranged at a distance of 1 cm to 20 cm opposite the surface and provide a finish to a surface with an edge length of 10 cm to 100 cm or, preferably, 50 cm.
    [0014]
    Device (20) according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the support device has a flat surface, which is subdivided into a plurality of sub-surfaces and provided within the sub-surfaces by the inlet opening for an installation of vacuum suction, and/or that the finishing head (28) comprises an infrared lamp, a UV lamp, a laser or an electron beam source.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2817899T3|2021-04-08|
    KR20160028450A|2016-03-11|
    EP3010704B1|2020-07-22|
    WO2014202041A1|2014-12-24|
    NZ715419A|2019-08-30|
    DK3010704T3|2020-10-12|
    WO2014202041A8|2016-02-11|
    DE102013010160A1|2015-01-08|
    CL2015003682A1|2016-07-22|
    BR112015032012A2|2017-07-25|
    EP3010704A1|2016-04-27|
    US20160144433A1|2016-05-26|
    KR102216030B1|2021-02-17|
    JP6495898B2|2019-04-03|
    AU2014283868A1|2016-02-11|
    PL3010704T3|2021-01-25|
    RU2016101228A|2017-07-24|
    AU2014283868B2|2017-10-26|
    CN105473315A|2016-04-06|
    RU2656325C2|2018-06-04|
    RS61027B1|2020-12-31|
    HUE051517T2|2021-03-01|
    CA2916113A1|2014-12-24|
    JP2016530397A|2016-09-29|
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    法律状态:
    2018-02-27| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-12-17| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-06-29| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-07-20| B350| Update of information on the portal [chapter 15.35 patent gazette]|
    2021-08-03| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 16/06/2014, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
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    DE102013010160.3A|DE102013010160A1|2013-06-19|2013-06-19|Process for producing a material plate by means of a press plate or endless belt, and press plate or endless belt and material plate|
    DE102013010160.3|2013-06-19|
    PCT/DE2014/000304|WO2014202041A1|2013-06-19|2014-06-16|Method and device for producing a three-dimensional surface structure of a pressing tool|
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